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Abstract |
Recently emergence of rapid optical and radio surveys accelerated development of time
domain astronomy. Furthermore, observations of gravitational waves and neutrinos
enabled breakthrough multi-messenger observations of fundamental physical processes in
space. Short and energetic events are generally easier to separate from the background
than persistent sources, and this is why the first truly multi-messenger signals were also
detected as transient events.
The properties or even the nature of these new transient sources often remain uncertain,
but it appears as they are typically associated with peculiar supernovae, mergers of
compact objects, or tidal disruption events. An important perspective on these events is
given by hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission: it tends to reveal a distinct emission
component that points to the most dense and energetic regions at the heart of the source.
I will highlight recent pioneering observations of short energetic transients made with
INTEGRAL, which is especially well-equipped to observe unpredictable, short-lived, and
energetic hard X-ray and gamma-ray transients. It carries a collection of detectors that
monitor the entire hard X-ray sky with over 80\% duty cycle and are able to re-point to
perform deep and sensitive hard X-ray observations of a large selected sky region.
I will begin by discussing the observations of gamma-ray bursts, in particular in association
with the gravitational wave events and high-energy neutrinos. Then, I will review how
INTEGRAL observations of fast hard X-ray transients helps to reveal mechanisms at the
core of the some of short energetic transients likely associated with the deaths of the
massive stars. Finally, I will discuss how the recent discoveries in the domain of multi-
messenger transients were made possible by a global effort to achieve a new degree of
automation and interoperability. |
