Pantheon SEMPARIS Le serveur des séminaires parisiens Paris

Status Confirmed
Seminar Series SEM-LPTMC
Subjects cond-mat.mes-hall
Date Monday 30 September 2019
Time 10:45
Institute LPTMC
Seminar Room Jussieu, tower 13-12, room 5-23
Speaker's Last Name Loverdo
Speaker's First Name Claude
Speaker's Email Address
Speaker's Institution Laboratoire Jean Perrin, Paris
Title Interactions of antibodies and bacteria in the digestive tract
Abstract Inside the organism, the immune system can fight generically against any bacteria. However, the lumen of the gut is home to a very important microbiota, so the host has to find alternative ways to fight dangerous bacteria while sparing beneficial ones. While many studies have focused on the complex molecular and cellular pathways that trigger an immune response, little is known about how the produced antibodies act once secreted into the intestinal lumen. Our modeling work is along 3 axes. First, using stochastic models of bacterial population dynamics and branching processes, we infer relevant biological parameters of the dynamics of the bacterial population in the in vivo experiments of our collaborator, Emma Slack (ETH Zurich). We contributed to show that the main physical effect of these antibodies is to cross-link bacteria into clusters as they divide, preventing them from interacting with epithelial cells, thus protecting the host. We then developed a simple ordinary differential equations model of these bacterial clusters, and studied how the interplay of the time scales of bacterial growth and of link breaking could enable the immune system to target the most problematic bacteria. Last, we studied how such immune-mediated bacterial clustering could impact the evolution of drug resistance by using a hybrid cross-scale model (with deterministic within-host bacterial growth, and stochastic transmission).
arXiv Preprint Number
Comments
Attachments

To Generate a poster for this seminar : [ Postscript | PDF ]

[ Bulletin Board ]    [ Subscription ]    [ Archive]    [ Help ]    [ ] [ Version francaise ]