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Résumé |
In the past two years a new series of materials have been predicted and
discovered. These materials are bulk insulators but edge or surface
metals, due to the presence of topologically protected gapless surface
states that cannot be localized or gapped by disorder. These surface
states are protected by several discrete symmetries of the system, most
generically (but not exclusively) by time-reversal symmetry. I will review
the initial theoretical proposals for this new phase of matter, the
experimental discoveries that followed, as well as the future prospects
for experimental and theoretical advances. |
