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Résumé |
Modelling cellular materials using nonequilibrium field theories—that are inspired
by active matter hydrodynamics—has proved quite successful, yielding measurable
qualitative predictions that have been verified in experiments. In this talk, I
will illustrate different levels at which such modelling can be performed. The
first level consists of hydrodynamic theory, which requires no specific input from
any experiment; its predictions are universal and apply to any material, including
tissues and cell layers, that belongs to that particular universality class. I
will illustrate this with the example of a theory applicable to three-dimensional
chiral tissues moving through the extracellular matrix. The second level consists
of more experimentally motivated modelling that is not purely hydrodynamic in the
sense that certain symmetry-mandated parameters are taken to be small, guided by
observations. I illustrate this with the example of crawling skin cells that flock
and travel as a solid. The third level consists of experimentally guided
phenomenological continuum modelling. I will illustrate this with the example of
cancer-associated fibroblasts that interact with their past orientations through
fibronectin filaments they deposit on a surface. |
